Well, scheelite can be cut as a gemstone, from memory; I think it was once used as a diamond substitute. It is commonly colourless (also green, brown, and a few other colours) but shows up as bright sky blue under UV light. I think that would correspond to being seen as sky blue in UV vision because don't they use UV light to show up the markings that bees can see on flowers?

Tungsten and molybdenum both cause UV fluorescence, so they're probably good impurities to start with. If I turn up any more I'll let you know.

As to rocky moons, sure they can be pink. Provided the rock they're made of is pink :) Ours is mostly made of the equivalent of our mantle rock, however, which is things like lherzolites, which are dark greens etc, but I don't see a reason that a moon couldn't be Mars-coloured - it would just need Fe-rich surface rock and, uh, at least trace water vapour in its atmosphere, from memory. But it's not IMpossible.